Does your dog have bad breath? Well, maybe you are not employing the use of proper oral hygiene. After all, us humans need to maintain a level of oral care so that we don’t have halitosis. Also, just like people, dogs and cats can get gum disease–and if a dog or cat’s gums are infected and abscessed, bacteria can enter the bloodstream, causing liver, kidney, and even heart malfunctions. So, what’s a good way to brush your best friend’s teeth?

Here are some tips for brushing your pet’s teeth:

#1 Start off slowly. Make sure to use a toothpaste formula that is specifically made for animals, since human toothpaste can give stomach upsets to animals. Have your pet lick the paste off of your finger, and you might need to try a few different flavors to find one that your pet likes.

#2 Once you can get toothpaste into the animal’s mouth, use a slight amount on your finger and run it across the dog or cat’s teeth. This might even take several days to get your pet to do this agreeably. Once your pet is fine with you doing this to its teeth, use a toothbrush (made for pets) and make small circles on the gum line. Don’t brush too hard!

#3 Be sure to cheer on your pet and express approval during this process. Afterward, you could also give your pet a treat, playtime, a walk, etc., so it will think of brushing as a positive moment.

#4 In order to practice proper oral hygiene with your pet, try to brush your pet’s teeth every day.

Here are some warning signs to look for in your pet’s mouth:

1. Yellow or brown tartar, especially where the teeth and gums meet
2. Red, swollen, bleeding, inflamed, tender, and/or receding gums
3. Chronic halitosis
4. Teeth that are chipped/broken
5. Tooth resorption (especially common in cats)- a very painful condition in which the tooth dissolves
6. A change in the animal’s diet, chewing habits and appetite can signify depression (along with pawing at the face/mouth).

Also, don’t forget to try this oral rinse for dogs and cats that helps prevent plaque and tartar buildup.  Be sure to practice good oral hygiene with your pet, so that the both of you can have great smiles!

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As you get older, you’ll realize how important proper oral hygiene is.  There are ways you can keep tabs on your oral health every month or so.  Check your mouth for white and red patches, tongue flakiness, pigmented lesions, and sores with uneven borders.  Oral cancer is rare with non-smokers, but it’s still possible to get it.  In order to check yourself for it, look at your outer and inner lips, and all sides of the tongue.  Look on the outside and inside if you cheers, and if there’s ever abnormalities that last longer than 14 days, ask a dental expert about it. 

Here are some things that you can pay attention to in order to protect your oral health:

Canker sores: these tend to pop up when people are stressed.  You can try a topical pain reliever directly on the spot.  Dentists can also use a soft-tissue laser to get rid of them.

Fix bad breath: If you’re not sure that you have bad breath at any given moment, use a cotton ball or gauze pad on the back of your tongue and smell it.  Whenever you brush your teeth, make sure to also get the back of your tongue, since this is where bacteria really like to proliferate.  Alcohol is found in most mouthwashes, but the problem with that is that alcohol helps dehydrate — thus drying the gums and reducing saliva flow.  After this, the bacteria multiples and causes the halitosis to worsen.  Keep in mind that TheraBreath sells an alcohol-free mouthwash!

Back of the mouth: Make sure to get this area when brushing, especially along the gum lines.  If you have a hard time accessing that area when brushing, slighty open the mouth.

Floss, floss, floss!  This is especially needed to prevent tartar buildup.  Toothbrushes can only get so far between the teeth–only 1 millimeter under the gums.  The problem is that gum pockers are usually 3-4 millimeters, which is deeper.  The bacteria feeds off the particles that get caught in these pockets, and if you don’t take care of the issue, you’ll have tooth decay and in extreme cases, jawbone loss.  Keep in mind that 80% of adults allegedly have a form of gum disease!

By practicing good oral hygiene, you’ll help keep your smile white and clean!

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Probiotics have taken an even greater plunge into the mainstream. The mint form of these probiotics are now stocked in over 7,000 stores throughout the US. Allegedly, this probiotic mint is supposed to help encourage good health for the teeth and gums. It is said that this oral probiotic supposedly has teeth whitening qualities, as well as the ability to banish bad breath. Streptococcus mutans is the main bacteria that causes tooth decay, and this bacteria transforms sugars in the mouth (from snacks, meals, etc.) into acids, which in turn attack the enamel of the teeth and possibly cause lesions or caries. This probiotic targets this bacteria and helps prevent the damage it can cause.

Obviously, more research has to be done on these new probiotics before further developments and assumptions can be made.  We are finally seeing the probiotic market expanding throughout the US, after being stuck in a smaller niche for so long. Other companies are doing research in hopes to formulate a type of probiotic that fights against dental caries. Some of these new formulas will likely have the probiotic Lactobillus paracasei, which binds to the bacteria that causes caries and groups them together.

Also, Aktiv-K12 is an excellent probiotic that helps prevent and treat bad breath, so check it out!

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Here are some pointers that will help keep your teeth whiter and minimize the occurence of bad breath:

1) Avoid bubbly soda pop and other acidic beverages. Drinks, like sports beverages, have enamel-stripping acids, like phosphoric, citric, malic, and tartaric acids. If you find that you need to drink them, rinse your mouth out with water afterwards.

2) Drink tea instead of orange juice. Unfortunately, even though there are tons of benefits from orange juice, the acids also help strip away the enamel, the protector of your teeth. You can try to drink black or green tea instead, because not only do they not harm the enamel, but they also contain fluoride.

3) Eat more greens, along with other vegetables and fruits. This prevents staining of your teeth. Apples, carrots, and celery help remove stains, whereas spinach, lettuce, and broccoli can act as stain barriers.

4) Eat some yogurt! Yogurt, which is full of probiotics, seems to help in the prevention of gum disease and tooth loss. If you have a couple of ounces each day, your oral health will benefit. The probiotics, also known as “good” bacteria, help balance the flora in your mouth, as well as your gut.

5) Use straws. If you use a straw, you mimimize the contact that certain beverages (ie. cola, iced tea, etc.) have with your teeth. If you put the tip of the straw by the back of your mouth, there is less contact between the teeth and the acids.

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So, who are the celebrities known for having the best teeth?  If you’ve heard the news lately, Julia Roberts and Brad Pitt have topped the polls on “best looking teeth“.  Julia Roberts has been famous for her white teeth for years now.  Her smile is one of the most memorable in Hollywood, and after topping a recent survey for the best teeth among the stars, she still is ranked the star with the best smile according to most cosmetic dentists.  This makes up for the fact that she reportedly had bad breath from drinking too much coffee on movie sets.  Brad Pitt himself ranked #1 for best male celebrity smile in 2008, whereas David Beckham ranked second on that same list that year.

Who else has a great smile in Hollywood?  Halle Berry was voted the #1 female celebrity who had the best smile in 2006, according to the AACD.  Also, in 2006, surveys said that Mathew McConaughey had the best male celebrity smile.  Mathew had also stated that he had somewhat of an obsession with his teeth!  AACD chose Eva Mendes as the celebrity with the “most glamorous smile” in 2006-2007.  Will Smith and Anne Hathaway are generally near the top of the best smile lists.  Hilary Duff was voted by 40% of survey respondents for having the best smile among the teen stars.  Last but not least, the controversial Tiger Woods has been known to dominate the vote for the greatest smile among male athletes. 

Source: California Dentist

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Many people are beginning to understand with probiotics that not all bacteria are bad.  In fact, probiotics have been contributing to good health for years. With an increasing demand of probiotics, people are requesting that they be available in forms other than yogurt and oral dietary supplements.  Consumers want more choices, since some people are sensitive to certain kinds of processing (i.e. temperature).  However, with constantly-improving technology, probiotics are being used in a broader market of goods.

The thought of beneficial bacteria has become more popular with the public, since studies have shown that probiotics can aid the immune system in the fight against the “bad guys”.  More and more yogurt brands are boasting probiotics on their labels, and companies are continuing to find ways to implement good bacteria strains into other foods that are not cultured by tradition.  This doesn’t necessarily mean a consumer will purchase this product, since a company tried adding probiotics to cheese, and this product didn’t sell too well.  This is because a consumer is not generally looking for cheese to add health benefits to a meal; instead, he or she usually uses cheese to add taste to what is being eaten.

People tend to be the most comfortable with probiotics being added to oral health care products, since strains of bad bacteria reside in the mouth, gums and teeth, and these bacteria can cause tooth enamel and gum disease.  Two of the most popular products that have received a high increase in growth are gums and mints, since functional gum has jumped 10% between 2007-2008.  A current trend in consumer education is people learning about the role that good strains of bacteria have in staying healthy and recovering one’s health. 

Streptococcus mutans is one of the Lactobacillus strains that work against enamel-eroding bacteria, and people can expect this strain to appear in gums and mints.  A sugar-free gum that came out recently contains the strain Lactobacillus reuteri, and there are mints that contain a mixture of strains L. reuteri, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosis and L. acidophilus, which target bad breath-causing bacteria.  Another company has developed a breath mint that features Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus uberis, and Streptococcus rattus, all targeted at preventing and fighting dental decay and halitosis.  Surprisingly, there is even a strain of bacteria called Streptococcus oralis that actually has a whitening effect on the teeth, since it crowds out bad bacteria on the teeth’s surface. 

Pharmaceutical companies are creating different probiotic breath mints that will be designed for improving oral health, and lasting much longer than current probiotics without being stored in cold temperatures.  An important thing for manufacturers to remember is that the new oral care products being made need to use bacteria that exist naturally in the oral cavity, otherwise they will not last long in the mouth. 

 There are over 400 different species of bacteria in the digestive, and all of these strains are competing for space to inhabit.  In general, the good bacteria can crowd out the bad bacteria, which is why consuming probiotics can be helpful for those who have diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease, lactose indigestion, irritable bowel syndrome, H. pylori (ulcer-causing bacteria) problems, and colon cancer.  It is also worth pointing out that these bacteria exist all over the body, including the mouth, skin, reproductive organs and other membranes.  Ingesting probiotics can even be beneficial for those with allergies, autism, arthritis, and liver and kidney problems.  

One of the major areas for probiotic’s growth in the market may be in immune defense, since probiotics can benefit the immune system’s response.  Immunity is related to gut health, and research has shown that probiotics improve cold and flu symptoms, allergic rhinitis and pollen allergies.  Asia and Europe have already been linking probiotics with immune health for many years, but the U.S. only recently caught on.  Probiotics also are known to prevent certain infections, so it may be useful with epidemics like the swine flu.  Various strains of bacteria have relieved fever symptoms, viral respiratory infections, and pneumonia. 

Probiotics, especially Lactobacilli, are effective in aiding the immune response and increasing the resistance to pathogens.  Newer territories that researchers are exploring are the effects of probiotics on inflammatory disease, cholesterol reduction and even anti-aging properties, post-myocardial infarction depression and stress management.  Even more surprising, there is groundbreaking research that probiotics can be beneficial in infant formulas, vaginal microbiota, and satiety (for weight management).

 A major challenge in administering probiotics is getting the right dosage, and making sure the correct strains go to the correct places in the body.  It is far from simple, and one of the major challenges that face manufacturers is heat, since it destroys the beneficial flora.  The ingredients in the probiotic supplements must be able to tolerate the handling, storage, processing, shelf-life issues, and the tempestuous environment of the acid in the stomach.  The limited amount of conditions that probiotics can handle seldom allow for applications outside of refrigerated supplements; however, more and more companies are improving the probiotics’ survival, so they are more protected- with longer shelf lives and slower releases.  With new technology constantly being released, some companies have even created a probiotic chocolate, and up and coming probiotic applications in cereal bars, cereals, ice creams, fresh fruit and vegetable juices, meal replacements, and biscuits.  Probiotics in hot tea and soup have even been made possible with these new advances in technology.  Last but not least, topical and personal care applications are now possible with probiotics, since antifungal and antiviral properties can be brought out during a process of fermentation.

 Currently, one of the main trends is pairing probiotics with other probiotics, since this enhances the probiotics’ ability to survive.  With the ever-changing and improving research, technologies and education of probiotics, innovators will continue to deliver new and improved products geared at improving everyone’s health. 

Source: Natural Products Insider

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Aside from brushing and flossing, there are other things that your dentist could you tell so you can better care for your teeth.  There are secrets that dentists know that their patients do not.  These usually include the following:

1)  Your dentist can tell if you smoke.  Even if someone brushes their teeth or tries to cover it up with mints, gum, or mouthwash, the smell is actually embedded in the mouth, especially the gum tissue!

• Smokers are also 4X more likely to get periodontal disease than those who do not smoke.

2)  The oral bacteria that causes cavities can spread on food and cutlery.  For instance, mothers will share their utensils and food with their kids, but bad bacteria can be spread this way.  This also goes to say that one should take special care when kissing (especially their little ones) if he or she has gum disease or cavities, since these bacteria are contagious.

3)  When most people brush, they only clean less than 1/4 of their mouths!  Most people brush for 30 seconds or less, and good oral hygiene requires at least five minutes of brushing and flossing each day.  One should brush at least 2-3 minutes at a time, and floss for 1-2 minutes each time.  When people brush only 30 seconds, they are missing their back molars 90% of the time. 

4) Bleaching Teeth Too Much Can Make Them Translucent!  Teeth whitening can thin the enamel, so never bleach your teeth more than once every six months.  If the gel bothers your gums and teeth, try a fluoride rinse or gel before and after using the bleaching gel.  This will make your teeth less sensitive. 

5) Don’t get your mouth deep cleaned when you only need a regular cleaning.  Some dentists want to charge your insurance more, so they will tell you that you need a deep cleaning when you do not.  Those who need a deep cleaning are people who have a lot of tartar on their roots or other symptoms of disease. 

Source: ABC News

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Many people have experienced tooth pain from oral surgery or other reasons.  It is important to know various forms of relief and natural remedies in case this ever happens. 

To begin, teeth are made up of an outer layer, the exposed enamel, and cementum which is embedded in the gums.  The dentin is the middle layer in teeth, which is comprised of tiny tubules (small openings).  There are nerve branches that come from the teeth’s pulp located inside each of the tubules.  The pulp of the teeth, located in the center, is made up of blood vessels and nerves supplying to the tooth. 

Tooth sensitivities cause pain in the teeth for various reasons.  Dental sensitivity is caused when the dentin is exposed, so nerve endings are exposed to hot and cold temperatures, thus causing much pain and sensitivity.  This often happens after gum surgeries, poor oral hygiene, gum disease, eating acidic food and beverages, etc.  The central pulp of the tooth can be exposed due to decay, filling, or a break in the tooth, thus causing pain and sensitivity.

Healing Your Painful Teeth

1. Brush your teeth softer, thus preventing the enamel being worn down.
2. Avoid acidic foods/beverages as much as you can in order to avoid oral health problems.
3. Natural remedies like garlic cloves and ginger root being placed on the painful teeth.

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I began practicing dentistry in 1975 – at that time I had just graduated with my DDS degree from UCLA and was eager to make my mark as a dentist. I worked a double shift at a dental clinic near the corner of Hollywood and Vine (about as unglamorous an intersection as you will ever find, especially when seeing emergency patients at 10:30 pm) and at a clinic near CBS Television City (where I once fixed the cracked denture of a famous Vaudevillian who was appearing across the street).

Everybody loves a bright white smile,
and there are many different procedures available
to help you improve the look of yours.

At any rate, it really didn’t matter at which socioeconomic level my patients came from. This was Los Angeles; everyone was very image conscious about their smiles. Back in the 70’s, cosmetic dentistry meant using “Pearl Drops” toothpaste.

A lot has changed in the past 28 years, and especially in the last 10 years in the field of teeth whitening, both in the dental office and at home.

Two Methods For Teeth Whitening

*1st method: Dental (In-Office) Teeth Whitening is effective, but can be a time consuming and expensive procedure.

I can tell you from first-hand experience, dentists love the patient who wants his or her teeth bleached in the dental office. Back in the early ’90’s, there was only one option!

Your dentist would make molds of your teeth, send them off to a lab, and in 5-10 days receive back your custom fitted mouthpiece. Then you would sit in the dental chair for 1-2 hours, with these plastic molds filled with peroxide (at a very low concentration) pressed against your teeth and gums.

After 3-4 visits, you teeth would be officially declared whiter (and usually they were), and you would be sent home with a nice, fat $500 – $1,000 bill to pay. With whiter teeth of course.

Now, I’ll be the first to admit, dental office whitening has come a long way in the past 10 years. Now, the most popular dental whitening procedure known as laser bleaching (or power bleaching, argon bleaching, etc.) which basically consists of the application of a concentrated peroxide gel spread onto your teeth, and for the next hour you sit in a dental chair with your mouth wide open, while a special light (usually argon) is shined onto the paste which chemically reacts with the peroxide to complete the bleaching process in as short a time period as possible.

This procedure does work (although many dentists say that you get a whiter smile by repeated tray applications because the peroxide stays in contact with your teeth for longer periods of time); however, the downside is that you still get stuck with that fat $500 – $1,000 bill (at least for the good dental whitening!). Furthermore, you still need to either come back 6 months later for another whitening (excuse me – a touch up!), or you’re given some take home bleaching items (then, why did you spend $500-$1000 dollars for the in-office procedure?)

Fortunately (as with most other things in life), technology stepped in to make teeth whitening easier and more affordable!

*2nd method: Home Teeth Whitening is now as effective as dental office treatments, in addition to being less expensive and more convenient.

It’s now possible (in almost all cases) to achieve dental office quality teeth whitening, from the comfort of your own home.

At-Home teeth whitening and bleaching has taken a bite out of (sorry about the pun) the in-office power bleaching systems, where millions of corporate advertising dollars now compete with the comfort of doing it at home.

And rightly so…

Up until a few years ago, teeth whitening was a fairly complex process – the hard part was making those fitted mouthpieces for each patient. For this reason alone, home teeth whitening was not an option for most people.

Essentially, There Are 3 Different Types of Home Teeth Whitening Available:
Brush-on whitening
Strips you stick on your teeth
Trays with bleaching gels

*1st Type: Brush-on Whitening
Brush-on whitening in principal is a great concept. Just brush on the formula, allow it to dry on your teeth, and let it stay on your teeth overnight. Sounds simple, right?

In reality, brush-on whitening is designed for the segment of the public that is in love with shortcuts. (In other words, for those people who don’t want to spend the time to do it right the first time).

Why doesn’t Brush-on Whitening work?

Brush-on Whitening has Two Main Flaws:

Flaw 1: When you brush on the formula, it relies on the premise that it will dry on your teeth. This is great in principle, but if you get the formula wet (i.e. from saliva) then it becomes REALLY easy to rub off parts of the whitening formulas. Guess what happens if you rub off only part of the whitening formula? You got it – you don’t get an even whitening result! It turns out patchy, and blotchy. It reminds me of the time I painted our first apartment…don’t ask!

Flaw 2: The second flaw with most brush-on whitening, in my opinion, is the ingredients. If you look at the ingredient list of the leading brush on whitener, you’ll see the first ingredient is alcohol – and if you’ve read my free ebook, The Bad Breath Bible, then you already know that alcohol is terrible for your breath! Actually, I’m sure the reason why they’ve added alcohol to their formula is because it’s needed as a desiccant (something that dries out the formula so that it supposedly stays on your teeth at night); however, that still doesn’t diminish the effect it can have on your gums and your breath. Also, most of these brush-on whitening formulas contain glycerin, which literally sucks the moisture out from the enamel of your teeth and is the primary cause of most tooth sensitivity from whitening.

*2nd Type: Teeth Whitening Strips
The second most common type of home teeth whitening is using whitening strips. The main lure of this type of home teeth whitening is their simplicity of use. They’re easy to apply and no preparation is necessary. Again, everybody loves shortcuts, right? Unfortunately, once again that’s exactly the type of teeth whitening you end up getting! Let me explain…

Why don’t Teeth Whitening Strips work?
Strips that stick on your teeth usually consist of an upper strip and a lower strip each pressed against the outer surface of your teeth. Now think about this for a second…are your teeth completely flat? Of course not – they have recesses and grooves, particularly between each tooth. Well imagine you’re painting a fence, and you just slapped paint on the outside, without taking the time to paint the grooves between each wooden board. That fence would look pretty funny wouldn’t it? Nicely painted on the outside, but in the grooves between each wooden board, still dark and dingy, with all of the old paint showing.

When you use whitening strips, the same thing can easily happen to your teeth if you’re not careful. The whiter your teeth become, the more pronounced those dingy cracks seem! Eventually it can end up looking like you have small gaps between your teeth. Definitely not the desired result!

*3rd Type: Trays With Bleaching Gels  (MOST EFFECTIVE!)
Trays with bleaching gels still provide the best combination of the most affordable and most efficient tooth whitening available. Since I’m a dentist, I can let you in on a few little secrets here.

First, most of the bleaching gels available at your dentist are exactly the same. There is very little difference from one dentist to another, because the gels are formulated by a small number of manufacturers.

Second, most of the bleaching gels available at retail stores are of very poor quality. They’ve been sitting in a warehouse or on a truck for who knows how long – and, because they are designed to be “low cost” (with low cost being sometimes the only consideration), they have very low concentrations of active ingredients.

Make sure you use a bleaching gel with a concentration of at least 21% – this means a whiter result in a shorter period of time!

Teeth Before Starting TheraBreath Treatment

Teeth After 2 Weeks of TheraBreath Treatment

Third, the one thing in common between dental bleaching gels and store gels is that they both use glycerin as a carrying agent. Now there is nothing wrong with glycerin; it is not dangerous in any way. However, when mixed with carbamide peroxide the glycerin is used to draw water out of the enamel in order to speed up the bleaching process. This is what causes the most common side effect of bleaching – sensitive teeth! (By the way, my TheraBrite Formula Whitening Kits don’t use a glycerin base – that’s just one reason why it’s so unique.)

Armed With This New Knowledge, What Should You Do?

Well, there are 4 KEY COMPONENTS to making sure you get the best possible tooth whitening every time you whiten your teeth.

1. Immediately before bleaching, brush your teeth with an oxygenating toothpaste combined with the finest natural polishing agents AND aloe vera to strengthen your gums and prevent any sensitivity.
2. Use form-fitting mouth trays that are fitted to your specific bite. Make sure they fit snugly around each tooth, and at all points they press firmly around the sides of your teeth and gums.
3. Use a 21% concentrated bleaching gel based on carbamide peroxide that is formulated specifically to reduce the sensitivity to your teeth and gums. (In other words – no glycerin!)
4. Immediately after bleaching, enhance the effect by using an oxygenating oral rinse. Make sure to use a mouthwash without alcohol as this can actually chemically curtail the bleaching effect.

The TheraBrite Deluxe Home Whitening Kit

The TheraBrite Whitening System is one of the most effective home whitening systems. It uses a moldable tray system that contains mouthpieces which you can actually fit to your mouth. You mold them by soaking them for a few seconds in warm water, then you press the plastic up (or down) against your teeth and gums. When the plastic cools you have a nice soft plastic mouthpiece that is fitted to the curves of your particular smile.

TheraBrite PLUS oxygenating formula safely whitens your teeth with the power of oyygen (OXYD-8)!

To make sure your teeth are as clean as a whistle, and to make sure that the TheraBrite bleaching gel directly contacts your tooth enamel (instead of dental plaque), brush your teeth for two minutes with an oxygenating toothpaste immediately before bleaching. You should use as strong of a bleaching gel as possible to ensure that the time your teeth are in contact with the whitening gel is well spent. The older gels used 16% carbamide peroxide, but the newer gels, like TheraBrite Whitening, can be as high as 22% peroxide.  However, it’s imperative that the gel does not contain any glycerin to reduce any sensitivity the whitening gel may have on your teeth and gums. A flavored bleaching gel also helps – why not make the experience as pleasant as possible? No need for it to taste bad!

The TheraBrite PLUS Deluxe Whitening Kit is the most effective home-whitening available. The Thermoplastic mouthgards mold to the contours of your teeth and gums, while the 21%+ Carbamide Peroxide Gel delivers the fastest home whitening available.

Follow this procedure 5 days in a row, doing the top and bottom arch separately for comfort (you can try to do both at once if you prefer – I actually do it this way, but everyone is different), and you will have a noticeably whiter smile – guaranteed!

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Not only are strawberries tasty, but they also have many health benefits. Its vitamins and minerals help the physical well being. It even has various oral care benefits; for instance, it strengthens the gums and helps heal bleeding gums. One can also remove tartar from their teeth by rubbing strawberry slices on them. When using strawberries to remove tartar, leave the juice on the teeth as long as possible to dissolve the tartar, and then rinse the mouth with warm water. Strawberries also help prevent oral cancer and can even help whiten teeth.

It is an anti oxidant and prevents chronic conditions such as heart disease. It improves the circulation of oxygen in the blood and body and improves the memory. It is also skin cleansing, a sluggish liver, gout, rheumatism, constipation, high blood pressure, and even syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease.

Nutritive Value : Per 100 gm.

* Vitamin A : 60 I.U.
* Vitamin B : Thiamine .03 mg.;
* Vitamin C : 60 mg.
* Calcium : 28 mg.
* Phosphorus : 27 mg.
* Potassium : 220 mg.
* Carbohydrates : 8.3 gm
* Calories : 37

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